- Particle swarm optimization
- Ant colony optimization
- Artificial bee colony algorithm
- The Bees Algorithm
- Artificial immune systems
- Grey wolf optimizer
- Bat algorithm
- Gravitational search algorithm
- Altruism algorithm
- Glowworm swarm optimization
- Intelligent water drops
- River formation dynamics
- Self-propelled particles
- Stochastic diffusion search
- Multi-swarm optimization
Swarm intelligence is the discipline that deals with natural and artificial systems composed of many individuals that coordinate using decentralized control and self-organization. In particular, the discipline focuses on the collective behaviors that result from the local interactions of the individuals with each other and with their environment. Examples of systems studied by swarm intelligence are colonies of ants and termites, schools of fish, flocks of birds, herds of land animals. Some human artifacts also fall into the domain of swarm intelligence, notably some multi-robot systems, and also certain computer programs that are written to tackle optimization and data analysis problems.